Acorus calamuscultivation, processing, extraction, products. Acoraceae have been widely used as a traditional medicine to cure intestinalhelminthic. Analgesic and cytotoxic activity of acorus calamus l. The rhizome part is also used to treat several diseases like asthma and bronchitis and asedative. Review acorus article calamus linn a herbal tonic for. It has medicinal uses for a wide variety of ailments. Thus the herbarius zu teutsch, published at mainz in 1485, describes and includes a woodcut of this iris under the name acorus. It is creeping and branched with cylindrical rhizome. The benefits and side effects of calamus acorus calamus. Aerial part of acorus calamus swelling and for constipation. Anthelmintic activity of a standardized extract from the rhizomes of. Acorus calamus is a perennial growing to 1 m 3ft 3in by 1 m 3ft 3in at a medium rate. Acorus calamus is considered in this treatment as a variable species, and infraspecific taxa are not recognized because there is an.
Review article pharmaceutical and biotechnological. Acorus calamus is found all over europe, russia, china, japan, australia, india, the middle east, and north america. In studies with isolated guinea pig trachea and atria, a crude extract of a. The leaves, stems and rhizomes are of medicinal value. A shaman would eat a six inch piece of root and use it to get out of his body. Acorus calamus is one of 30 herbs listed as unsafe by the fda anon 1975. A continuing gradual decline of this species is taking place in the population of the northeastern himalayas. Medicinal plants of the indigenous tribes in peninsular malaysia. It is a tall perennial wetland monocot with scented leaves and more strongly scented rhizomes, which have been used medicinally, for its. Hungary water prepared from rosemary is considered to be a revitalizing agent and the herb has an old reputation for improving memory.
It is in flower from may to july, and the seeds ripen from july to august. Acorus calamus is a semiaquatic plant that likes to grow with wet feet, often alongside irises, cattails, and other waterweeds. The history of medicinal and aromatic plants and their uses in. The rhizomes also have a characteristic smell that are and have 56 nodes. Calamus is a herb used for the appetite and as an aid to the digestion. These plants are sometimes mistakenly referred to as sedges or rushes. The aim of the present paper is to provide information regarding the ethnopharmocology, ethnobotany, therapeutic uses and scientific studies carried out on sweet flag acorus calamus linn. Traditional uses of wetland medicinal plant acorus calamus. Unfortunately, supplementation of acorus calamus is not. Acorus calamus is a semiaquatic, perennial aromatic herb.
Download pdf international journal of pharmaceutical research. Acorus calamus name synonyms acorus aromaticus gilib. Taking cue from physical and economic scarcity farmers in karnataka have planned for the. Acorus gramineus shi chang pu chinese herbs healing. Initially, europeans confused the identity and medicinal uses of the acorus calamus of the romans and greeks with their native iris pseudacorus. Bach is a popular medicinal plant used in several ayurvedic formulations in india. Calamus oil is used in perfumery an alcoholate is made with 3 kilos to 3. It has been an item of trade in many cultures for thousands of years. Pdf acorus calamus sweet flag is a wetland perennial monocot plant, in which the scented. Acorus americanus sweet flag matures to 2 in height. The leaves and rhizomes of these wetland monocot plants have a strong fragrance. Acorus calamus or sweet flag calamus as it is also known as is a perennial herb belonging to the acoraceae family.
It is known as vacha in ayurveda and the rhizome of this plant has been used since ancient times for its beneficial role as brain tonic medhya. Phytochemicals of acorus calamus sweet flag journal of. It has many traditional uses all over the world and is wellknown as a digestive and carminative. Acorus calamus also known as sweet flag is a perennial wetland monocot. The rhizome of the plant is used for its medicinal purposes and as an ingredient in perfumes due to its strong scent. Rhizomes are collected by women and children during late november to february. The plant has 35 feet long rhizomes similar to ginger. The aim of the study was to evaluate analgesic and cytotoxic activity of acorus calamus l.
Decoction made from these roots is used to fight digestive problems and cramps. Sweet flag has a very long history of medicinal use in many herbal traditions. Acoraceae is a semievergreen perennial medicinal plant with scented rhizomes, arching tapered reedlike leaves and minute yellowgreen flowers. Sweet flag has a very long history of medicinal use in chinese and. Active ingredients from aromatic and medicinal plants. The leaves of sweet flag are used in ayurvedic medicines to treat heart, liver, lung, and kidney problems. Distribution area rhizomes of acorus calamus information regarding the chemical constituents and ethnomedicinal uses of acorus calamus, thus will help to the researchers and scientists to take action for future study in this displine. Acorus calamus, commonly known as sweet flag, is a seasoning and herb traditionally used in ayurveda and traditional chinese medicine for its cognitiveenhancing properties. Acorus calamus commonly called sweet flag is a deciduous, spreading, marginal aquatic perennial that features irislike, swordshaped leaf blades to 34 wide typically growing in basal clumps to 30 tall. Sweet flag has a very long history of medicinal use in chinese and indian herbal. Due to its growing medicinal use, it is being rapidly extracted from wild. It is widely employed in modern herbal medicine as an aromatic stimulant and mild tonic.
The rhizome has anodyne, aphrodisiac, carminative and aromatic value. A study was undertaken for two consecutive years to assess the possibility of optimizing rhizome yield of acorus calamus l. It likes the edges of ponds, lakes, and rivers, but ive seen it growing in drier soil as well. The sweetness and bitterness of sweet flag acorus calamus l. Acorus calamus cultivation, extraction and processing, products, technology, applications, market and company profiles primary information services home. The leaves are strongly scented rhizomes and have been traditionally used since centuries. The medicinal properties of acorus gramineus, or known as sweet flag or shi chang pu in pinyin, have amazed the herbalists since a long time ago. Acorus calamus, commonly known as sweet flag or calamus sanskrit.
Acorus calamus root and oil health benefits, uses, effects. Acorus calamus is a reedlike, aquatic plant with a pungent smell that has been used medicinally since biblical times. Americanus view larger image indian tribes in canada and the u. Medicinal action and uses calamus was formerly much esteemed as an aromatic stimulant and mild tonic. Common names balinis ajeras in lithuanian bastardsennep in danish. Acorus calamus is believed of reducing fear and excitement. Experimental evidence for use of acorus calamus asarone for. It prefers wet to wetmesic soil conditions, growing best in full sun.
An overview on traditional uses and pharmacological profile of acorus calamus linn. Powdered roots of acorus calamus plants are used to relieve motion sickness. Sweet flag in traditional medicine and used to treat a number of diseases. Dec 29, 2015 acorus calamus medicinal uses and pictures. Effects on plant growth and tissue composition tararag pincam 1,2, hans brix 3 id and arunothai jampeetong 1,4, 1 environmental science program, faculty of science, chiang mai university, meuang, chiang mai 50202, thailand. The plant occurs in damp marshy habitat particularly near. Acorus calamus also called sweet flag or calamus, among many. Adansonia digitata baobab fruits dried for medicinal use 6. Haimavati, vacha, and various rushes and sedges,is a plant from the acoraceae family, in the genus acorus. It can tolerate partial water emersion so would make a good choice for shoreline restorations or pond edges. Health, general biological sciences science and technology, general acoraceae health aspects research ayurvedic medicine technology application calamus.
Some of its medicinal properties are described below. The aim of the present article is different uses of acorus calamus in cns disorders. Acorus calamus sweet flag is a wetland perennial monocot plant, in which the scented leaves and rhizomes have been traditionally used medicinally against different ailments like, fever, asthma. List item public statement on the use of herbal medicinal products. Undiluted calamus oil was not irritating to the skin of mice, guinea pigs, rabbits or pigs. Ethnomedicinal and pharmacological properties of acorus calamus. The traditional use of acorus calamus in indian ayurvedic system is widely. It originated in europe but extensively used in ayurveda, particularly to enhance memory. The rhizomes contain oil which has many medicinal uses.
The drug is popularly known as sweet flag in traditional medicine and used to treat a number of diseases. Abies canadensis hemlock spruce bark dried for medicinal use 2. Acorus calamus is known for its sweet scent and can be incorporated into topical uses and cosmetic products. Jul 18, 2016 the plant is known as bach, calamus oil, golomi, sweet flag, ugragandha, vacha, and vekhanda but is different than acorus gramineus, which is known as japanese or dwarf sweet flag. Description a perennial herb that grows on the waters edge and in wetlands. Acorus calamus supplement health benefits, dosage, side. An illustrated flora of the northern united states, canada and the british possessions. Anticonvulsant activity of raw and classically processed.
Acorus calamus l medicinal uses medicinal plants archive. Li bai and meng jiao, two famous poets in tang dynasty, ever wrote poems to praise its extensive medicinal uses, in particular in prolonging life and staying young. Dried calamus rhizome root can be used to treat stomach cramps, gas, gastric ulcers, and lack of appetite. Vacha is a very important ayurveda medicinal herb used in skin care, hair care, impotency, memory, wisdom, piles, kidney stones, abscess, etc. The acorus calamus has a number of health benefits that can be attributed to the makeup of the plant. Calamus aromaticus is the synonym of acorus calamus sweet flag. A fluid extract is an official preparation in the united states and some other pharmacopceias, but it is not. An overview on traditional uses and pharmacological profile. The presence of rosemary in ones body is believed to enhance clarity of mind and memory, akin to the belief surrounding sweet flag acorus calamus in india.
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